SG
Singapore
Singapore ranks between 4th and 40th across the 45 technologies, by share of the 10% most cited papers, 2021–2025.
TechnologyRankIts neighbours in the rankingShare of the top 10%, from 2021 to 2025Its institution with the most credit
AI chips
4–5tied, of 46
1stCN46.2%2ndKR12.1%3rdUS11.6%4–5SG3.4%4–5DE3.3%6thIN2.3%
National University of Singapore1.9% of the top 10%
Metamaterials
4–5tied, of 73
1stCN55.5%2ndUS8.8%3rdKR4.0%4–5SG2.6%4–5AU2.6%6thIN2.5%
National University of Singapore1.2% of the top 10%
6G and advanced wireless
5thof 80
1stCN39.9%3rdUS6.2%4thCA3.8%5thSG3.2%6thKR3.0%7thIN2.5%
Nanyang Technological University2.2% of the top 10%
Additive manufacturing
6–7tied, of 90
1stCN34.0%5thGB3.6%6–7IT2.9%6–7SG2.9%8thIR2.3%9–10DE2.1%
Nanyang Technological University1.1% of the top 10%
Radar
7–9tied, of 413.3 papers of credit
1stCN77.0%5–6DE2.1%7–9IN0.6%7–9SG0.6%7–9AU0.5%10–15FI0.5%
National University of Singapore0.1% of the top 10%
Drones and swarming
9–10tied, of 81
1stCN52.2%8thAU1.9%9–10HK1.8%9–10SG1.8%11thTR1.3%12–13IR1.2%
Nanyang Technological University1.0% of the top 10%
Electric batteries
10thof 89
1stCN68.0%8thHK1.5%9thIN1.3%10thSG0.8%11–13JP0.5%11–13SA0.5%
Nanyang Technological University0.3% of the top 10%
Hydrogen by electrolysis
10thof 83
1stCN53.0%8thSA1.7%9thCA1.5%10thSG1.4%11thIT1.3%12thHK1.2%
Nanyang Technological University0.8% of the top 10%
Sonar and underwater acoustics
9–14tied, of 373.7 papers of credit
1stCN71.6%5–8PL1.4%9–14JP1.1%9–14SG1.0%9–14PK1.0%9–14GB1.0%
National University of Singapore0.3% of the top 10%
Electronic warfare
4–19tied, of 231.0 papers of credit
1stCN81.0%4–19FR0.8%4–19NO0.8%4–19SG0.8%4–19IT0.8%4–19IN0.7%
Nanyang Technological University0.4% of the top 10%
Large language models
11thof 96
1stCN27.4%8–9IT2.1%10thCA1.7%11thSG1.6%12thJP1.4%13thES1.2%
Nanyang Technological University0.6% of the top 10%
Advanced robotics
11thof 54
1stCN31.5%9thCH3.0%10thJP2.7%11thSG2.3%12thFR1.8%13thNL1.6%
Nanyang Technological University0.9% of the top 10%
Atomic clocks
9–16tied, of 270.9 papers of credit
1stUS38.7%9–16KR0.8%9–16IL0.8%9–16SG0.7%9–16CH0.7%9–16FI0.6%
Centre for Quantum Technologies0.4% of the top 10%
Post-quantum cryptography
11–14tied, of 59
1stCN20.4%11–14IT1.7%11–14TR1.7%11–14SG1.6%11–14FR1.5%15–17BE1.4%
Nanyang Technological University0.8% of the top 10%
mRNA vaccines and therapeutics
14–15tied, of 70
1stUS38.7%12–13IN1.6%12–13SE1.5%14–15SG1.1%14–15FR1.0%16–17BE0.8%
National University of Singapore0.3% of the top 10%
Optical communication
14–15tied, of 54
1stCN38.8%12–13SA1.5%12–13IT1.5%14–15SG1.1%14–15CH1.1%16–19HK1.0%
National University of Singapore0.7% of the top 10%
Quantum communication
14–15tied, of 57
1stCN28.9%11–13DK1.9%14–15JP1.3%14–15SG1.3%16–17IL1.1%16–17KR1.0%
Nanyang Technological University0.6% of the top 10%
Advanced chip manufacturing
13–20tied, of 392.1 papers of credit
1stCN31.8%13–20CA0.6%13–20AU0.6%13–20SG0.6%13–20GB0.5%13–20MY0.5%
National University of Singapore0.3% of the top 10%
Perovskite solar cells
15–16tied, of 76
1stCN53.9%14thIT0.9%15–16CA0.8%15–16SG0.8%17thES0.7%18thTW0.6%
National University of Singapore0.3% of the top 10%
Quantum sensors
14–16tied, of 484.3 papers of credit
1stCN22.5%14–16IL1.2%14–16BE1.1%14–16SG1.0%17–21CA0.9%17–21HU0.9%
Nanyang Technological University0.5% of the top 10%
Distributed ledgers
16thof 103
1stCN20.6%14–15DE1.4%14–15ES1.4%16thSG1.2%17–20JO1.0%17–20FR1.0%
Nanyang Technological University0.5% of the top 10%
Quantum computing
17–18tied, of 71
1stUS34.9%15thKR1.1%16thSE0.9%17–18SG0.7%17–18RU0.7%19thFI0.6%
National University of Singapore0.3% of the top 10%
Critical minerals processing
17–22tied, of 583.2 papers of credit
1stCN43.0%16thTR1.1%17–22SA0.8%17–22SG0.7%17–22IR0.7%17–22SE0.6%
Nanyang Technological University0.6% of the top 10%
Genome sequencing
15–18tied, of 59
1stUS33.6%15–18FR1.0%15–18AT0.9%15–18SG0.8%19–22IL0.6%19–22FI0.5%
National University of Singapore0.2% of the top 10%
Autonomous underwater vehicles
14–20tied, of 441.8 papers of credit
1stCN71.7%14–20DK0.6%14–20TR0.5%14–20SG0.5%21–31BD0.5%21–31TW0.3%
Nanyang Technological University0.2% of the top 10%
Supercapacitors
19–21tied, of 86
1stCN46.3%17–18DE0.6%19–21ES0.5%19–21SG0.5%19–21ZA0.5%22–24FR0.4%
National University of Singapore0.3% of the top 10%
Advanced composites
19–21tied, of 68
1stCN50.8%15–18BE0.7%19–21IR0.7%19–21SG0.7%19–21AE0.7%22–23TW0.6%
National University of Singapore0.2% of the top 10%
Wide-bandgap semiconductors
19–22tied, of 563.9 papers of credit
1stCN40.8%19–22PL0.6%19–22BE0.6%19–22SG0.5%19–22CA0.5%23–29NL0.4%
Nanyang Technological University0.2% of the top 10%
Satellite navigation
19–21tied, of 454.2 papers of credit
1stCN56.1%19–21BE0.7%19–21IN0.6%19–21SG0.6%22–27AT0.5%22–27NL0.5%
Nanyang Technological University0.4% of the top 10%
Synthetic biology
20–24tied, of 553.1 papers of credit
1stCN45.7%15–19BR0.6%20–24AT0.5%20–24SG0.5%20–24SA0.5%20–24PT0.5%
National University of Singapore0.2% of the top 10%
Hydrogen storage and ammonia fuel
22–25tied, of 68
1stCN44.5%20–21FR1.0%20–21NL0.9%22–25SG0.6%22–25NZ0.6%22–25JO0.5%
Nanyang Technological University0.3% of the top 10%
Gene editing
22–29tied, of 774.6 papers of credit
1stUS32.2%22–29RU0.4%22–29MY0.4%22–29SG0.4%22–29BR0.4%22–29ET0.4%
National University of Singapore0.1% of the top 10%
Hyperspectral imaging
22–26tied, of 542.3 papers of credit
1stCN71.4%22–26BR0.3%22–26PL0.3%22–26SG0.3%22–26HU0.2%27–36FI0.2%
Nanyang Technological University0.2% of the top 10%
Inertial navigation
16–29tied, of 400.3 papers of credit
1stCN64.0%16–29LB0.2%16–29BE0.1%16–29SG0.1%16–29CH0.1%30–38NC0.1%
Nanyang Technological University0.1% of the top 10%
Small satellites
24–39tied, of 470.9 papers of credit
1stUS13.7%24–39AR0.8%24–39KZ0.8%24–39SG0.7%24–39SE0.7%24–39PK0.7%
Nanyang Technological University0.3% of the top 10%
Cybersecurity
29–33tied, of 104
1stCN14.8%25–28ZA0.6%29–33PT0.5%29–33SG0.5%29–33IE0.5%29–33FI0.5%
Nanyang Technological University0.2% of the top 10%
Advanced aircraft engines
20–39tied, of 470.2 papers of credit
1stCN64.6%20–39PT0.1%20–39JO0.1%20–39BR0.1%20–39SG0.1%20–39AE0.1%
Outside the top 30
National University of Singapore0.1% of the top 10%
New antibiotics and antivirals
39–40tied, of 822.4 papers of credit
1stCN30.3%33–38MO0.4%33–38NG0.3%33–38IL0.3%39–40SG0.3%39–40HU0.3%
Outside the top 30
Nanyang Technological University0.1% of the top 10%
Hypersonic flight
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
Nuclear fusion
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
High-performance computing
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
Space launch
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
Directed energy
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
Magnets and superconductors
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
Nuclear fission power
Not ranked
No credit in the top 10%.
Neighbours are the countries ranked just above and below. Ranks are shown as a range where shares are equal to one decimal place. Source: OpenAlex, pulled 18 October 2026. Method
Where Singapore is in the top three
PilotEach paper sorted into one sub-area by an AI model reading its title and abstract, then credited as usual. On 200 hand-labelled papers it chose the same sub-area, or a defensible second, 92% of the time. Shown where the sub-area has at least 30 papers in the top 10% and the country at least five papers of credit.
- 2ndMetasurface antennas, beamforming and radar cross-sectionMetamaterials, 139 papers; behind China 47.0%5.7%
- 3rdMemristors and resistive-switching synapsesAI chips, 178 papers; behind China 43.6% and South Korea 17.2%6.7%
- 3rdMetal printing process physics, defects and monitoringAdditive manufacturing, 506 papers; behind China 27.3% and United States 23.2%5.4%
- 3rdReconfigurable intelligent surfaces6G and advanced wireless, 401 papers; behind China 42.0% and United Kingdom 12.1%4.7%
- 3rdSmart contracts, security and privacy (incl. zero-knowledge)Distributed ledgers, 148 papers; behind China 50.6% and United States 5.1%4.1%
- 3rdCode generation and software engineeringLarge language models, 381 papers; behind China 36.1% and United States 18.2%3.8%